Sufi Saints of the Deccan

Shah Raju Qattal Qadiri

Qadiri · Hyderabad · d. c. 1632

HomeSufism in the DeccanShah Raju Qattal Qadiri

OrderQadiri
LineageHusayni Sayyid
BornBidar
ChainTo Abd al-Qadir Jilani of Baghdad
SeatMisri Gunj, Hyderabad
Diedc. 1632
Founder of the Qadiri Deccan LineageThe Qadiri WayHyderabad
Charminar, Hyderabad, near the hospice of Shah Raju at Misri Gunj
Charminar · Hyderabad · the saint's hospice stood nearby at Misri Gunj
I · Lineage Bidar · early 1600s

The founder of the Qadiri silsila in the Deccan

A Sayyid of Bidar, trained in the madrasa sciences and the Qadiri chain

Hazrat Sayyid Shah Raju Qattal Qadiri (d. circa 1632) is the founding figure of the Qadiri silsila at Hyderabad and the ancestor of one of the city's longest-lived scholarly families. A Sayyid by descent — his lineage was traced to the Qadiri masters of Baghdad through Sayyid Muhammad Gisudaraz's spiritual brother Sayyid Hamza — he was born at Bidar and trained in the standard madrasa curriculum of his time: Quranic recitation (qira'at), tafsir, hadith, Hanafi fiqh and the Arabic and Persian sciences.

II · The Qadiri Way Vocal Dhikr & Fiqh

A method distinct from the Chishti

Vocal dhikr, the Qasida Ghausia, and a close bond with the study of law

His Qadiri initiation came through a chain documented in the silsila records of the Hyderabad Qadiri family, going back through Sayyid Yusuf al-Husayni of Bidar to the master of the order, Shaykh 'Abd al-Qadir Jilani of Baghdad (d. 1166). The Qadiri method he taught was distinct from the Chishti method dominant at Khuldabad and Gulbarga: vocal dhikr rather than silent, a greater emphasis on the recitation of the Qasida Ghausia and other Qadiri litanies, and a closer integration with the formal study of fiqh.

III · Hyderabad Misri Gunj · Muhammad Qutb Shah

The hospice near the Charminar

The seat from which the great Qadiri families of the city descend

He moved to Hyderabad in the latter years of his life, during the reign of Sultan Muhammad Qutb Shah, and established his hospice in what is now the Misri Gunj area near the Charminar. His tomb there is still tended. His descendants and disciples founded several of the most enduring Sufi families of the city — the Hussaini lineage that produced the saints buried at Yousufain Sharif, and the Mahbub Subhani lineage that flowered in the later Asaf Jahi period. Through them, the Qadiri silsila became the dominant Sufi tradition of Hyderabad through the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries — a position it retains today.

Founder of the Qadiri Deccan

Shah Raju Qattal Qadiri in dates

  1. b. BidarBorn at Bidar a Husayni Sayyid; his lineage traces to the Qadiri masters of Baghdad through Sayyid Muhammad Gisudaraz's spiritual brother Sayyid Hamza.
  2. c. early 17th c.Trained in the full madrasa curriculum at Bidar: Quranic recitation (qira'at), tafsir, hadith, Hanafi fiqh, and the Arabic and Persian sciences.
  3. c. early 17th c.Receives Qadiri initiation through a chain passing through Sayyid Yusuf al-Husayni of Bidar, tracing back to Shaykh 'Abd al-Qadir Jilani of Baghdad (d. 1166).
  4. c. 1612–1626Moves to Hyderabad during the reign of Sultan Muhammad Qutb Shah and establishes his hospice at Misri Gunj near the Charminar.
  5. c. 1612–1626Teaches the Qadiri method: vocal dhikr, recitation of the Qasida Ghausia and other Qadiri litanies, and a close integration with the formal study of fiqh — distinct from the silent-dhikr Chishti tradition at Khuldabad and Gulbarga.
  6. c. 1632Dies at Hyderabad; buried at his hospice in Misri Gunj, where the tomb is still tended today.
  7. Post-1632His descendants and disciples found two great Qadiri lineages: the Hussaini line whose saints lie at Yousufain Sharif, and the Mahbub Subhani line that flourished in the later Asaf Jahi period.
  8. 18th–19th c.Through these lineages the Qadiri silsila becomes the dominant Sufi tradition of Hyderabad across the Asaf Jahi period — a position it retains today.